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Your Guide to...
Instructional Technology and
Human Performance Technology
The ADDIE Model
The ADDIE model is the most common instructional design model, although its roots are relatively uncertain. The model is broken down into 5, iterative steps: Analysis, Evaluation, Implementation, Development, and Design.
The model is meant to be both dynamic and flexible and provides a guideline for designing effective instruction or training. Most of the modern instructional design models are spin-offs of the ADDIE model.
The ARCS model of instructional design, originally devised by John Keller in the 1980s, focuses on the motivational components of learning.
Within the idea of motivation, the model focuses on four main areas: Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction.
(Keller 1988)
The ARCS Model
The Kemp Model
The Kemp design model, developed by Jerold Kemp, addresses 9 main areas of instructional design:
1. Identify instructional problems and specify goals.
2. Examine learner characteristics that should receive attention.
3. Identify subject content, and analyze task components.
4. State instructional objectives for the learner.
5. Sequence content within each instructional unit.
6. Design instructional strategies.
7. Plan the instructional message and delivery.
8. Develop evaluation instruments to assess objectives.
9. Select resources to support instruction and learning activities.
(Kemp 1977)
Practical Models for Instructional Technology
